We all use the terms "phase" and "polarity" interchangeably, even though we shouldn't. A phase difference is a difference in time, whereas a polarity difference is an inversion. When we reverse the leads on one of our loudspeakers, we often say that the speakers are "out of phase" even though they are really of opposite polarity. The difference between the two is best illustrated using an asymmetrical waveform. I've attached such an illustration - one I've used in several articles and conference papers.
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